07:22 PM

Distribuciones GNU/Linux para niñas y niños

fuente: somoslibres

No hay mejor manera de promover Linux y derribar algunos de sus mitos (como, por ejemplo, su extrema complejidad, etc.) que haciendo que los chicos empiecen, ya de bien chiquitos, a jugar con él y usarlo. Por esta razón, analizaremos algunas de las distribuciones apropiadas para ellos. Antes de empezar, un comentario: sí, cualquier distro de Linux puede ser utilizada por un chico, mucho más hoy en día que los pibes vienen muy avispados. No obstante, hay algunas distros que son más amenas y fáciles de entender, especialmente para los más chicos.

Qimo para chicos: > 3 años Qimo for Kids es una distro basada en Ubuntu con un escritorio diseñado exclusivamente para los más chicos. Viene con un montón de "juegos educativos" para niños mayores de 3 años preinstalados. La interfaz es bien sencilla e intuitiva y tiene íconos grandes y llamativos para que los chicos encuentren todo fácil.

Según los desarrolladores, la diferencia de Qimo con Edubuntu es que Qimo fue desarrollado para ser un sistema operativo de escritorio para la PC de cualquier chico, mientras que Edubuntu habría sido concebido para ser utilizado en una red de computadoras de una escuela. Además, Qimo posee una interfaz y un diseño muy fáciles de usar, sin menús complicados o ventanas múltiples. Por último, Qimo corre directamente desde el LiveCD sin necesidad de tener Ubuntu instalado previamente.

Qimo utiliza XFCE para brindar un entorno rápido y ultraligero. Los requisitos mínimos son: 256MB de memoria para correr desde el CD, o 192MB para instalar. Al menos 6GB de espacio en disco y procesador de 400MHz o más.

Sugar: < 6 años Sugar es una distro basada en Fedora, diseñada exclusivamente para el famoso proyecto del Prof. Nicolas Negroponte's One-Laptop-Per-Child (OLPC). Está orientada a niños menores de 6 años y es bastante diferente del resto de las distros, permitiéndoles divertirse pero también aprender y desarrollar sus habilidades de programación. Hay dos contras. La primera es que está enteramente diseñado para ser utilizado en clase. La segunda es que es tan diferente del resto de las distros y el entorno de escritorio difiere tanto del de cualquier Linux que al final pareciera que se está usando otro sistema operativo.

Edubuntu: 3-18 años Ubuntu posee una versión derivada, soportada oficialmente por Canonical, llamada Edubuntu, orientada específicamente a escuelas primarias y secundarias.

Esta distro viene en 3 "sabores": “young”, “plain” y “default”, para usuarios jóvenes, sólo el escritorio o una versión para uso general. El entorno de escritorio utilizado es el mismo de Ubuntu (GNOME) y las aplicaciones preinstaladas son OpenOffice.org, KDE Edutainment Suite y Gcompris. La KDE Edutainment Suite incluye aplicaciones para niños entre 3 y 18 años, mientras que Gcompris incluye aplicaciones para niños en edad prescolar.

LinuxKidX: 2-15 años LinuxKidX fue diseñada para niños entre 2 y 15 años. Utiliza KDE como entorno de escritorio y está basado en slackware. Algunos de los programas preinstalados son KStars (un plantearia virtual), Kalzium (la famosa tabla de elementos), KTouch (tutor de tipeo), KGeography, KWordQuiz, ChildsPlay y muchos más. El proyecto pareciera no tener demasiada popularidad o apoyo de la comunidad. Por esta razón, sería recomendable correrlo primero desde el LiveCD y jugar un rato con él antes de instalarlo en forma definitiva.

Foresight for Kids: 3-12 años Foresight for Kids es una distro derivada de Foresight Linux, orientada específicamente a niños entre 3 y 12 años de edad. Viene con GNOME como entorno de escritorio e incluye Tuxpaint, Tuxtyping, Gcompris, Tux of Math Command, Super Tux, Super Tux Card, Foobillard, GNU Chess, Nibbles, Frozen Bubble, Super Maryo Chronicles, F-Spot Photo Manager, Firefox Web Browser, Banshee Media Player, Pidgin Instant Messenger y Totem Movie Player, entre otras. La atención de los niños es atraída inmediatamente por la abejita que aparece en el fondo de escritorio. Si estás buscando una distro para tu nene, probate esta distro que es muy buena.

¡Cuidado! Sólo por las dudas: a menos que las corras desde el LiveCD, correr cualquiera de estas distros implica la instalación de un sistema operativo completo, no se trata de aplicaciones que se puede correr desde Windows así nomás.

Más información: Distribuciones para niños

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